RAG with Multimodality and Azure Document Intelligence

Introduction

In the current-world that operates based on data, Relational AI Graphs (RAG) hold a lot of influence in industries by correlating data and mapping out relations. However, what if one could go a little further more than the other in that sense? Introducing Multimodal RAG, text and image, documents and more, to give a better preview into the data. New advanced features in Azure Document Intelligence extend the capabilities of RAG. These features provide essential tools for extracting, analyzing, and interpreting multimodal data. This article will define RAG and explain how multimodality enhances it. We will also discuss how Azure Document Intelligence is crucial for building these advanced systems.

This is based on a recent talk given by Manoranjan Rajguru on Supercharge RAG with Multimodality and Azure Document Intelligence, in the DataHack Summit 2024.

Learning Outcomes

• Understand the core concepts of Relational AI Graphs (RAG) and their significance in data analytics.
• Explore the integration of multimodal data to enhance the functionality and accuracy of RAG systems.
• Learn how Azure Document Intelligence can be used to build and optimize multimodal RAGs through various AI models.
• Gain insights into practical applications of Multimodal RAGs in fraud detection, customer service, and drug discovery.
• Discover future trends and resources for advancing your knowledge in multimodal RAG and AI technologies.

What is Relational AI Graph (RAG)?

Relational AI Graphs (RAG) is a framework for mapping, storing, and analyzing relationships between data entities in a graph format. It operates on the principle that information is interconnected, not isolated. This graph-based approach outlines complex relationships, enabling more sophisticated analyses than traditional data architectures.

In a regular RAG, data is stored in two main components they are nodes or entities and the second is edges or relationship between entities. For example, the node can correspond to a client, while the edge – to a purchase made by that customer, if it is used in a customer service application. This graph can capture different entities and relations between them, and help businesses to make further analysis on customers’ behavior, trends, or even outliers.

Anatomy of RAG Components

• Expert Systems: Azure Form Recognizer, Layout Model, Document Library.
• Data Ingestion: Handling various data formats.
• Chunking: Best strategies for data chunking.
• Indexing: Search queries, filters, facets, scoring.
• Prompting: Vector, semantic, or traditional approaches.
• User Interface: Designing data presentation.
• Integration: Azure Cognitive Search and OpenAI Service.

What is Multimodality?

Exploring Relational AI Graphs and present day AI systems, multimodal means the capacity of the system to handle the information of different types or ‘modalities’ and amalgamate them within a single recurrent cycle. Every modality corresponds to a specific type of data, for example, the textual, images, audio or any structured set with relevant data for constructing the graph, allowing for analysis of the data’s mutual dependencies.

Multimodality extends the traditional approach of dealing with one form of data by allowing AI systems to handle diverse sources of information and extract deeper insights. In RAG systems, multimodality is particularly valuable because it enhances the system’s ability to recognize entities, understand relationships, and extract knowledge from various data formats, contributing to a more accurate and detailed knowledge graph.

What is Azure Document Intelligence?

Azure Document Intelligence formerly called Azure Form Recognizer is a Microsoft Azure service that enables organizations to extract information from documents like form structured or unstructured receipts, invoices and many other data types. The service relies on ready-made AI models that help to read and comprehend the content of documents, Relief’s clients can optimize their document processing, avoid manual data input, and extract valuable insights from the data.

Azure Document Intelligence allow the users to take advantage of ML algorithms and NLP to enable the system to recognize specific entities like names, dates, numbers in invoices, tables, and relationships among entities. It accepts formats such as PDFs, images with formats of JPEG and PNG, as well as scanned documents which make it a suitable tool fit for the many businesses.

Understanding Multimodal RAG

Multimodal RAG Systems enhances traditional RAG by integrating various data types, such as text, images, and structured data. This approach provides a more holistic view of knowledge extraction and relationship mapping. It allows for more powerful insights and decision-making. By using multimodality, RAG systems can process and correlate diverse information sources, making analyses more adaptable and comprehensive.

Supercharging RAG with Multimodality

Traditional RAGs primarily focus on structured data, but real-world information comes in various forms. By incorporating multimodal data (e.g., text from documents, images, or even audio), a RAG becomes significantly more capable. Multimodal RAGs can:

• Integrate data from multiple sources: Use text, images, and other data types simultaneously to map out more complex relationships.
• Enhance context: Adding visual or audio data to textual data enriches the system’s understanding of relationships, entities, and knowledge.
• Handle complex scenarios: In sectors like healthcare, multimodal RAG can integrate medical records, diagnostic images, and patient data to create an exhaustive knowledge graph, offering insights beyond what single-modality models can provide.

Benefits of Multimodal RAG

Let us now explore benefits of multimodal RAG below:

Improved Entity Recognition

Multimodal RAGs are more efficient in identifying entities because they can leverage multiple data types. Instead of relying solely on text, for example, they can cross-reference image data or structured data from spreadsheets to ensure accurate entity recognition.

Relationship extraction becomes more nuanced with multimodal data. By processing not just text, but also images, video, or PDFs, a multimodal RAG system can detect complex, layered relationships that a traditional RAG might miss.

Better Knowledge Graph Construction

The integration of multimodal data enhances the ability to build knowledge graphs that capture real-world scenarios more effectively. The system can link data across various formats, improving both the depth and accuracy of the knowledge graph.

Azure Document Intelligence for RAG

Azure Document Intelligence is a suite of AI tools from Microsoft for extracting information from documents. Integrated with a Relational AI Graph (RAG), it enhances document understanding. It uses pre-built models for document parsing, entity recognition, relationship extraction, and question-answering. This integration helps RAG process unstructured data, like invoices or contracts, and convert it into structured insights within a knowledge graph.

Pre-built AI Models for Document Understanding

Azure provides pre-trained AI models that can process and understand complex document formats, including PDFs, images, and structured text data. These models are designed to automate and enhance the document processing pipeline, seamlessly connecting to a RAG system. The pre-built models offer robust capabilities like optical character recognition (OCR), layout extraction, and the detection of specific document fields, making the integration with RAG systems smooth and effective.

By utilizing these models, organizations can easily extract and analyze data from documents, such as invoices, receipts, research papers, or legal contracts. This speeds up workflows, reduces human intervention, and ensures that key insights are captured and stored within the knowledge graph of the RAG system.

Entity Recognition with Named Entity Recognition (NER)

Azure’s Named Entity Recognition (NER) is key to extracting structured information from text-heavy documents. It identifies entities like people, locations, dates, and organizations within documents and connects them to a relational graph. When integrated into a Multimodal RAG, NER enhances the accuracy of entity linking by recognizing names, dates, and terms across various document types.

For example, in financial documents, NER can be used to extract customer names, transaction amounts, or company identifiers. This data is then fed into the RAG system, where relationships between these entities are automatically mapped, enabling organizations to query and analyze large document collections with precision.

Relationship Extraction with Key Phrase Extraction (KPE)

Another powerful feature of Azure Document Intelligence is Key Phrase Extraction (KPE). This capability automatically identifies key phrases that represent important relationships or concepts within a document. KPE extracts phrases like product names, legal terms, or drug interactions from the text and links them within the RAG system.

In a Multimodal RAG, KPE connects key terms from various modalities—text, images, and audio transcripts. This builds a richer knowledge graph. For example, in healthcare, KPE extracts drug names and symptoms from medical records. It links this data to research, creating a comprehensive graph that aids in accurate medical decision-making.

Question Answering with QnA Maker

Azure’s QnA Maker adds a conversational dimension to document intelligence by transforming documents into interactive question-and-answer systems. It allows users to query documents and receive precise answers based on the information within them. When combined with a Multimodal RAG, this feature enables users to query across multiple data formats, asking complex questions that rely on text, images, or structured data.

For instance, in legal document analysis, users can ask QnA Maker to pull relevant clauses from contracts or compliance reports. This capability significantly enhances document-based decision-making by providing instant, accurate responses to complex queries, while the RAG system ensures that relationships between various entities and concepts are maintained.

Building a Multimodal RAG Systems with Azure Document Intelligence: Step-by-Step Guide

We will now dive deeper into the step by step guide of how we can build multi modal RAG with Azure Document intelligence.

Data Preparation

The first step in building a Multimodal Relational AI Graph (RAG) using Azure Document Intelligence is preparing the data. This involves gathering multimodal data such as text documents, images, tables, and other structured/unstructured data. Azure Document Intelligence, with its ability to process diverse data types, simplifies this process by:

• Document Parsing: Extracting relevant information from documents using Azure Form Recognizer or OCR services. These tools identify and digitize text, making it suitable for further analysis.
• Entity Recognition: Utilizing Named Entity Recognition (NER) to tag entities such as people, places, and dates in the documents.
• Data Structuring: Organizing the recognized entities into a format that can be used for relationship extraction and building the RAG model. Structured formats such as JSON or CSV are commonly used to store this data.

Azure’s document processing models automate much of the tedious work of collecting, cleaning, and organizing diverse data into a structured format for graph modeling.

Model Training

After getting the data, the next process that needs to be done is the training of the RAG model. And this is where multimodality is actually useful as the model has to care about various types of data and their interconnections.

• Integrating Multimodal Data: Specifically, the knowledge graph should include text information, image information and structured information of RAG to train a multimodal RAG. PyTorch or TensorFlow and Azure Cognitive Services can be utilized in order to train models that work with different type of data.
• Leveraging Azure’s Pre-trained Models: It is possible to consider that the Azure Document Intelligence has ready-made solutions for various tasks, such as entity detection, keywords extraction, or text summarization. Due to the openness of these models, they allow for the adjustment of these models according to a set of certain specifications in order to ensure that the knowledge graph has well identified entities and relations.
• Embedding Knowledge in RAG: In RAG the recognized entities, key phrases and relationships are introduced. This empowers the model to interpret the data as well as the relationship between the data points of the large dataset.

Evaluation and Refinement

The final step is evaluating and refining the multimodal RAG model to ensure accuracy and relevance in real-world scenarios.

• Model Validation: Using a subset of the data for validation, Azure’s tools can measure the performance of the RAG in areas such as entity recognition, relationship extraction, and context comprehension.
• Iterative Refinement: Based on the validation results, you may need to adjust the model’s hyperparameters, fine-tune the embeddings, or further clean the data. Azure’s AI pipeline provides tools for continuous model training and evaluation, making it easier to fine-tune the RAG model iteratively.
• Knowledge Graph Expansion: As more multimodal data becomes available, the RAG can be expanded to incorporate new insights, ensuring that the model remains up-to-date and relevant.

Use Cases for Multimodal RAG

Multimodal Relational AI Graphs (RAGs) leverage the integration of diverse data types to deliver powerful insights across various domains. The ability to combine text, images, and structured data into a unified graph makes them particularly effective in several real-world applications. Here’s how Multimodal RAG can be utilized in different use cases:

Fraud Detection

Fraud detection is an area where Multimodal RAG excels by integrating various forms of data to uncover patterns and anomalies that might indicate fraudulent activities.

• Integrating Textual and Visual Data: By combining textual data from transaction records with visual data from security footage or documents (such as invoices and receipts), RAGs can create a comprehensive view of transactions. For instance, if an invoice image does not match the textual data in a transaction record, it can flag potential discrepancies.
• Enhanced Anomaly Detection: The multimodal approach allows for more sophisticated anomaly detection. For example, RAGs can correlate unusual patterns in transaction data with visual anomalies in scanned documents or images, providing a more robust fraud detection mechanism.
• Contextual Analysis: Combining data from various sources enables better contextual understanding. For example, linking suspicious transaction patterns with customer behavior or external data (like known fraud schemes) improves the accuracy of fraud detection.

Customer Service Chatbots

Multimodal RAGs significantly enhance the functionality of customer service chatbots by providing a richer understanding of customer interactions.

• Contextual Understanding: By integrating text from customer queries with contextual information from previous interactions and visual data (like product images or diagrams), chatbots can provide more accurate and contextually relevant responses.
• Handling Complex Queries: Multimodal RAGs allow chatbots to understand and process complex queries that involve multiple types of data. For instance, if a customer asks about the status of an order, the chatbot can access text-based order details and visual data (like tracking maps) to provide a comprehensive response.
• Improved Interaction Quality: By leveraging the relationships and entities stored in the RAG, chatbots can offer personalized responses based on the customer’s history, preferences, and interactions with various data types.

Drug Discovery

In the field of drug discovery, Multimodal RAGs facilitate the integration of diverse data sources to accelerate research and development processes.

• Data Integration: Drug discovery involves data from scientific literature, clinical trials, laboratory results, and molecular structures. Multimodal RAGs integrate these disparate data types to create a comprehensive knowledge graph that supports more informed decision-making.
• Relationship Extraction: By extracting relationships between different entities (such as drug compounds, proteins, and diseases) from various data sources, RAGs help identify potential drug candidates and predict their effects more accurately.
• Enhanced Knowledge Graph Construction: Multimodal RAGs enable the construction of detailed knowledge graphs that link experimental data with research findings and molecular data. This holistic view helps in identifying new drug targets and understanding the mechanisms of action for existing drugs.

Future of Multimodal RAG

Looking ahead, the future of Multimodal RAGs is set to be transformative. Advancements in AI and machine learning will drive their evolution. Future developments will focus on enhancing accuracy and scalability. This will enable more sophisticated analyses and real-time decision-making capabilities.

Enhanced algorithms and more powerful computational resources will facilitate the handling of increasingly complex data sets. This will make RAGs more effective in uncovering insights and predicting outcomes. Additionally, the integration of emerging technologies, such as quantum computing and advanced neural networks, could further expand the potential applications of Multimodal RAGs. This could pave the way for breakthroughs in diverse fields.

Conclusion

The integration of Multimodal Relational AI Graphs (RAGs) with advanced technologies such as Azure Document Intelligence represents a significant leap forward in data analytics and artificial intelligence. By leveraging multimodal data integration, organizations can enhance their ability to extract meaningful insights. This approach improves decision-making processes and addresses complex challenges across various domains. The synergy of diverse data types—text, images, and structured data—enables more comprehensive analyses. It also leads to more accurate predictions. This integration drives innovation and efficiency in applications ranging from fraud detection to drug discovery.

Resources for Learning More

To deepen your understanding of Multimodal RAGs and technologies, consider exploring the following resources:

• Microsoft Azure Documentation
• AI and Knowledge Graph Community Blogs
• Courses on Multimodal AI and Graph Technologies on Coursera and edX

Frequently Asked Questions